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ADBoard | Therapeutic Assist and Decision Algorithms for Hepatobiliary Tumor Boards
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The Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (Federal Joint Committee, G-BA) will fund a new collaborative project of the Charité's Dept. of Surgery and the Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, DFKI), Speech and Language Technology.

The aim of the project Therapeutic Assist and Decision Algorithms for Hepatobiliary Tumor Boards (ADBoard) is the validation and evaluation of decision support systems based on linguistic and semantic methods of artificial intelligence (AI) for interdisciplinary tumour conferences in the care of tumour patients. Natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) will provide the technical basis for data extraction, data filtration and decision support for the automated generation of therapy recommendations. Interdisciplinary tumour board conferences are medical conferences, usually held on a weekly basis, which are required by the respective medical societies to determine a therapy or monitoring plan for patients with malignant diseases. Participants are representatives of the required medical disciplines who, taking into account the tumour characteristics and the general health of the patient, review the treatment options and make a therapy recommendation.

The Gemeinsamer Budesausschuss (Federal Joint Committee, G-BA) has the mandate to promote new forms of health care that go beyond the current standard provision of statutory health insurance, and health care research projects that are aimed at gaining knowledge to improve existing health care.

ADBoard is a collaboration of Priv.-Doz. Dr. Felix Krenzien, Priv.-Doz. Dr. Christian Benzing, Prof. Dr. Dominik Modest, Prof. Dr. Johann Pratschke (Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin) and Prof. Dr.-Ing. Sebastian Möller, Head of Research Department Speech and Language Technology, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence.
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Our manuscript "Depletion of donor dendritic cells ameliorates immunogenicity of both skin and hind limb transplants" has been accepted for publication in Frontiers in Immunology, section Alloimmunity and Transplantation. Authors are Muhammad Imtiaz Ashraf, Joerg Mengwasser, Anja Reutzel-Selke, Dietrich Polenz, Kirsten Führer, Steffen Lippert, Peter Tang, Edward Michaelis, Rusan Catar, Johann Pratschke, Christian Witzel, Igor M. Sauer, Stefan G. Tullius, and Barbara Kern.

Acute cellular rejection remains a significant obstacle affecting successful outcomes of organ transplantation including vascularized composite tissue allografts (VCA). Donor antigen presenting cells (APC), particularly dendritic cells (DC), orchestrate early alloimmune responses by activating recipient effector T cells. Employing a targeted approach, we investigated the impact of donor-derived conventional DC (cDC) and APC on the immunogenicity of skin and skin-containing VCA grafts, using mouse models of skin and hind limb transplantation.
By post-transplantation day 6, skin grafts demonstrated severe rejections, characterized by predominance of recipient CD4 T cells. In contrast, hind limb grafts showed moderate rejection, primarily infiltrated by CD8 T cells. While donor depletion of cDC and APC reduced frequencies, maturation, and activation of DC in all analysed tissues of skin transplant recipients, reduction in DC activities was only observed in the spleen of hind limb recipients. Donor cDC and APC depletion did not impact all lymphocyte compartments but significantly affected CD8 T cells and activated CD4 T in lymph nodes of skin recipients. Moreover, both donor APC and cDC depletion attenuated the Th17 immune response, evident by significantly reduced Th17 (CD4+IL-17+) cells in the spleen of skin recipients and reduced levels of IL-17E and lymphotoxin-α in the serum samples of both skin and hind limb recipients. In conclusion, our findings underscore the highly immunogenic nature of skin component in VCA. The depletion of donor APC and cDC mitigates the immunogenicity of skin grafts while exerting minimal impact on VCA.

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